📖 Definition
A laboratory test that evaluates male fertility by measuring sperm concentration (number per milliliter), total motility (percentage that move), progressive motility (percentage moving forward), and morphology (percentage with normal shape). Normal values: concentration ≥16 million/mL, total motility ≥42%, normal morphology ≥4% (Kruger criteria). Male factor infertility accounts for about 40–50% of all infertility cases.