Baby Food6+ months

Introducing Allergens to Baby

The guidance on introducing allergens has changed significantly. Current evidence strongly supports early introduction of common allergens — rather than delaying them — to reduce allergy risk.

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Seek emergency care (911) immediately if your baby shows signs of anaphylaxis: difficulty breathing, throat swelling, sudden loss of tone or consciousness.

The Top 8 Allergens

These foods account for 90% of food allergies:

  • Peanuts (peanut butter, peanut puffs)
  • Tree nuts (almond butter, cashew butter)
  • Eggs
  • Cow's milk (dairy)
  • Wheat
  • Soy
  • Fish
  • Shellfish

Current Guidance: Introduce Early and Often

The 2017 NIAID guidelines, updated based on the LEAP trial, recommend introducing peanut products early (by 4–6 months for high-risk babies, 6 months for others) and continuing regular consumption. The same principle applies to other top allergens. Delaying allergen introduction does not prevent allergies and may increase risk.

How to Introduce Allergens Safely

When introducing any major allergen:

  • Introduce one new allergen at a time
  • Start at home (not at daycare or before a long trip)
  • Give in the morning so you can observe for several hours
  • Start with a small amount — a fingertip
  • Wait 3–5 days before introducing another new allergen
  • Keep emergency antihistamine available
  • Once introduced without reaction, include regularly (2–3x/week)

Signs of Allergic Reaction

Know the signs of a reaction — most are mild, but anaphylaxis is rare and requires emergency care:

  • Mild: Hives, redness around mouth, mild swelling, runny nose, vomiting
  • Call your doctor: Hives spreading, vomiting and irritability together, facial swelling
  • Call 911 (anaphylaxis): Difficulty breathing, throat swelling, pale/blue color, sudden weakness or limpness, loss of consciousness

Frequently Asked Questions

When should I introduce peanuts to my baby?

For babies with no eczema or egg allergy: introduce around 6 months along with other solid foods. For babies with mild-moderate eczema: introduce by 6 months (pediatrician guidance helpful). For babies with severe eczema or egg allergy: consult allergist before introducing peanuts.

How do I give peanuts to a baby?

Never give whole peanuts (choking hazard). Thin peanut butter to a runny consistency with water or breast milk and offer on a spoon, or buy peanut puffs designed for babies.