Varicose Veins
Varicose veins — swollen, twisted veins visible under the skin, usually on the legs — develop in up to 40% of pregnant women. They are caused by increased blood volume and the uterus pressing on pelvic veins.
Common Causes
- Increased blood volume dramatically raises pressure in leg veins
- Growing uterus compresses pelvic veins, restricting blood return from the legs
- Progesterone relaxes vein walls, reducing their ability to close properly
- Genetic predisposition — family history is the strongest risk factor
- Standing for long periods increases venous pressure in the legs
Remedies That May Help
Compression Stockings
Medical-grade compression stockings are the most effective way to prevent worsening varicose veins. Wear them from the morning (before getting up) throughout the day.
Elevate Your Legs
Elevating legs above heart level when resting reduces venous pressure and eases discomfort.
Exercise Regularly
Walking activates the calf-muscle pump, helping push blood back up from the legs.
Avoid Prolonged Standing or Sitting
Change positions frequently. When standing, periodically shift weight or walk in place.
Sleep on Your Left Side
Sleeping on the left side reduces pressure on the inferior vena cava, improving blood return from the legs.
Avoid Tight Clothing at the Waist
Tight waistbands or pants constrict venous return and worsen varicosities.
When to Call Your Doctor
- Varicose vein becomes suddenly very tender, red, and warm — possible superficial thrombophlebitis
- A hard, cord-like lump develops in a vein
- Significant swelling in one leg that is asymmetric — possible deep vein thrombosis (DVT)
- A varicose vein bleeds
Frequently Asked Questions
Do varicose veins during pregnancy go away?
Many varicose veins improve significantly after delivery as blood volume decreases and uterine pressure on pelvic veins is relieved. They may not completely disappear, especially with subsequent pregnancies.
Can varicose veins develop on the vulva during pregnancy?
Yes — vulvar varicosities occur in some pregnant women and cause a feeling of heaviness or aching in the vulvar area. They typically resolve after delivery.
Are varicose veins dangerous during pregnancy?
Most varicose veins are benign and a cosmetic and comfort concern. The risk of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is elevated in pregnancy regardless of varicose veins.
Can I have varicose vein treatment while pregnant?
Elective treatment (sclerotherapy, laser) is generally deferred until after delivery. Compression stockings are the main management during pregnancy.
Will compression stockings prevent varicose veins?
Compression stockings help prevent existing varicose veins from worsening and reduce symptoms, but may not prevent new ones from forming, especially with genetic predisposition.