Constipation
Constipation is extremely common during pregnancy, affecting up to 40% of women. Pregnancy hormones slow intestinal movement, and the growing uterus puts pressure on the bowel.
Common Causes
- Progesterone relaxes smooth muscle, slowing the digestive tract
- Growing uterus compresses the bowel
- Prenatal iron supplements (a common culprit)
- Reduced physical activity
- Not drinking enough fluids
Remedies That May Help
Increase Fiber Intake
Aim for 25–30 g of fiber daily from fruits, vegetables, whole grains, beans, and prunes.
Drink More Water
At least 8–10 glasses of water per day keeps stool soft and moving.
Prunes and Prune Juice
Prunes contain sorbitol, a natural laxative. A small glass of prune juice daily is safe and effective.
Regular Light Exercise
Walking 20–30 minutes daily stimulates bowel motility.
Switch Prenatal Vitamins
If iron supplements are the culprit, ask your provider about a lower-iron prenatal or a slow-release iron formula.
Stool Softeners (Docusate Sodium)
Colace (docusate sodium) is generally considered safe in pregnancy — always confirm with your provider.
When to Call Your Doctor
- You haven't had a bowel movement in more than 3 days despite trying remedies
- You have severe abdominal pain or cramping with constipation
- You notice rectal bleeding
- Constipation is accompanied by fever or vomiting
- You are considering using a stimulant laxative — discuss safety with your provider first
Frequently Asked Questions
Is it safe to take laxatives during pregnancy?
Bulk-forming laxatives (psyllium, methylcellulose) and stool softeners (docusate sodium) are generally considered safe. Stimulant laxatives like senna should only be used briefly and under provider guidance.
Can constipation hurt my baby?
Constipation itself is uncomfortable but doesn't harm the baby. However, severe straining should be avoided as it can worsen hemorrhoids.
When does pregnancy constipation start?
It often starts in the first trimester when progesterone rises rapidly, and can continue throughout pregnancy.
Can constipation cause contractions?
In rare cases, severe constipation or straining can trigger Braxton Hicks contractions, but it does not cause preterm labor.
Do probiotics help with pregnancy constipation?
Some research suggests probiotics may improve bowel regularity during pregnancy. They are generally considered safe.